James Allen Wold

M, #8262
Pedigree
Last Edited=19 Dec 2025
Relationships
3rd cousin of Steven Harn Redman
7th great-grandson of John Foster
8th great-grandson of Jeremiah Ellsworth
14th great-grandson of William Perkins
     James Allen Wold is the son of George Emil Wold and Mabel Anna Jones. James Allen Wold married Jean (?)

Jodie Lynn Wold

F, #8584
Pedigree
Last Edited=17 Feb 2021
Relationships
3rd cousin of Steven Harn Redman
7th great-granddaughter of John Foster
8th great-granddaughter of Jeremiah Ellsworth
14th great-granddaughter of William Perkins
     Jodie Lynn Wold is the daughter of George Emil Wold and Mabel Anna Jones. Jodie Lynn Wold married Thomas Lawrence Haefs on 14 October 1978 at Hennepin Co., Minnesota; Certificate Number:      8670436.

Children of Jodie Lynn Wold and Thomas Lawrence Haefs

Dorothy Wolf

F, #11815, b. 8 August 1917, d. 24 February 2009
Pedigree
Last Edited=11 Sep 2025
     Dorothy Wolf was born on 8 August 1917 at Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois.1 She married Floyd Clarence Noel, son of Archie Cleveland Noel and Lillian Elizabeth Larson, in 1946. Dorothy Wolf died on 24 February 2009 at Clancy, Jefferson Co., Montana, at age 91.1 She was buried at Montana State Veterans Cemetery, Helena, Lewis and Clark Co., Montana.1

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Dorothy (Wolf) Mallory Noel Verworn, Memorial ID 69941520,
    Birth: 8 August 1917, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, USA
    Death: 24 February 2009, Clancy, Jefferson County, Montana, USA
    Burial: Montana State Veterans Cemetery, Helena, Lewis and Clark County, Montana
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69941520/dorothy-mallory_noel_verworn: accessed September 11, 2025), memorial page for Dorothy Wolf Mallory Noel Verworn (8 Aug 1917–24 Feb 2009), Find a Grave Memorial ID 69941520, citing Montana State Veterans Cemetery, Helena, Lewis and Clark County, Montana, USA; Maintained by JVV (contributor 46986773).
    Parents
    Fredrick Wolf 1887–1935
    Marie Wolf 1887–1958
    Spouses
    Louie Edgar Mallory 1891–1945 (m. 1934)
    Floyd Clarence Noel 1920–1980 (m. 1946)
    Edward T. Verworn 1933–1992
    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2011/135/69941520_130560392874.jpg,.

Sarah Elizabeth Wolf

F, #8255, b. 1850, d. 28 February 1900
Pedigree
Last Edited=4 Mar 2024
     Sarah Elizabeth Wolf was born in 1850 at Highland Co., Ohio.1 She married George W. Harn, son of John Hanson Thornton Harn and Frances Leighty, in 1871. Sarah Elizabeth Wolf died on 28 February 1900 at Ovia, Wayne Co., Iowa.1 She was buried at New York Cemetery, Millerton, Wayne Co., Iowa.1

Children of Sarah Elizabeth Wolf and George W. Harn

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Sarah Elizabeth (Wolf) Harn, Memorial ID 79116145,
    Birth: 1850, Highland County, Ohio, USA
    Death: 28 February 1900, Ovia, Wayne County, Iowa, USA
    Burial: New York Cemetery, Millerton, Wayne County, Iowa
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/79116145/sarah_elizabeth-harn: accessed March 4, 2024), memorial page for Sarah Elizabeth Wolf Harn (1850–28 Feb 1900), Find a Grave Memorial ID 79116145, citing New York Cemetery, Millerton, Wayne County, Iowa, USA; Maintained by InSearchOf (contributor 47282406).

    Parents
    Reece Woolfe 1815–1863
    Susan Catherine Miller Wolf 1820–1907
    Spouses
    George W Harn 1848–1910
    Siblings
    James Wesley "Jim" Wolf 1842–1931
    John William Woolf 1846–1927
    Jacob Asbury Wolf 1852–1927
    Melissa A Wolf Morgan 1855–1905
    Henry R Wolfe 1857–1929
    Francis Tullis "Frank" Wolf 1859–1922
    Children
    Charles Ernie Harn 1876–1941
    Howard Reece Harn 1880–1955
    Osa E Harn Trumper 1882–1960
    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2012/161/79116145_133934043268.jpg,.

Cathy Wolfe1

F, #5811
Pedigree
Last Edited=20 Oct 2008
Relationships
5th cousin 1 time removed of Steven Harn Redman
5th great-granddaughter of John Hearn
     Cathy Wolfe is the daughter of Roger Dalton Wolfe and Mariam Grace Linch.1 Cathy Wolfe married male Owen.

Citations

  1. [S1830] Aeleen Farleigh Linch, online www.ancestry.com, Aeleen Farleigh Linch (n/a), downloaded Jun 2007.

Roger Dalton Wolfe

M, #5810, b. 27 March 1921, d. 14 December 1986
Pedigree
Last Edited=5 Jan 2021
     Roger Dalton Wolfe was born on 27 March 1921 at Thayer Co., Nebraska. He married Mariam Grace Linch, daughter of Orville Laverne Linch and Georgia Beatrice Williams. Roger Dalton Wolfe died on 14 December 1986 at Ashton, Fremont Co., Idaho, at age 65.

Children of Roger Dalton Wolfe and Mariam Grace Linch

Citations

  1. [S1830] Aeleen Farleigh Linch, online www.ancestry.com, Aeleen Farleigh Linch (n/a), downloaded Jun 2007.

Sharon Wolfe1

F, #5812
Pedigree
Last Edited=20 Oct 2008
Relationships
5th cousin 1 time removed of Steven Harn Redman
5th great-granddaughter of John Hearn
     Sharon Wolfe is the daughter of Roger Dalton Wolfe and Mariam Grace Linch.1 Sharon Wolfe married male Gilman.

Citations

  1. [S1830] Aeleen Farleigh Linch, online www.ancestry.com, Aeleen Farleigh Linch (n/a), downloaded Jun 2007.

Ruby Wolford1

F, #4833, b. 30 October 1921, d. 2 August 1983
Pedigree
Last Edited=14 Jul 2005
     Ruby Wolford was born on 30 October 1921 at Clinton Co., Ohio.1 She married Eugene Victor Walker, son of Denver Clark Walker and Bessie Mavis Abbott, on 5 August 1948 at Newport, Campbell Co., Kentucky.1 Ruby Wolford died on 2 August 1983 at Greene Co., Ohio, at age 61.1

Citations

  1. [S1677] Robert C. Goodyear's website on The Genealogy of the Goodyear and Mascaro Families (June 2005), online http://goodyear-mascaro.org/. Hereinafter cited as Genealogy of the Goodyear and Mascaro Families website.

William Louis Wollenberg III

M, #8811
Pedigree
Last Edited=10 Jun 2021
     William Louis Wollenberg III married Susan Elizabeth Fox, daughter of David Wayne Fox Sr. and Mary Ann Evans, on 14 September 1980 at Notre Dame Church, Clarendon Hills, DuPage Co., Illinois.

Philip H. Wolner

M, #8126, b. circa 1887
Pedigree
Last Edited=10 Apr 2020
     Philip H. Wolner was born circa 1887 at Missouri. He married Marian Cecil Harding, daughter of Nathaniel Harding and Dorthea Cecil, on 3 September 1920 at Cuyahoga Co., Ohio.

Aaron Wolters

M, #9340
Pedigree
Last Edited=8 Jan 2024
     Aaron Wolters married Amber Jo Zak, daughter of Joseph Lee Zak and Debra Lynn Richards.

Children of Aaron Wolters and Amber Jo Zak

Alexis Wolters

F, #9830
Pedigree
Last Edited=7 Jan 2026
Relationships
1st cousin 2 times removed of Jody Ann Redman
3rd great-granddaughter of William Louis Richards
     Alexis Wolters is the daughter of Aaron Wolters and Amber Jo Zak.

Alvin Wolters

M, #9831
Pedigree
Last Edited=8 Jan 2024
Relationships
1st cousin 2 times removed of Jody Ann Redman
3rd great-grandson of William Louis Richards
     Alvin Wolters is the son of Aaron Wolters and Amber Jo Zak.

Clifford Wolvington

M, #7395, b. 1909, d. 11 December 1976
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
     Clifford Wolvington was born in 1909 at Chadron, Dawes Co., Nebraska.1 He was the son of J.W. Wolvington and Mary Hamilton. Clifford Wolvington married Florence Ellen Tracey, daughter of Bernard Stanislaus Tracey and Letha Ellen Payne, on 6 July 1937 at Choteau, Teton Co., Montana. Clifford Wolvington and Florence Ellen Tracey were divorced on 8 July 1963 at Kalispell, Flathead Co., Montana. Clifford Wolvington died on 11 December 1976 at Flathead Co., Montana.1 He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead Co., Montana.1

Census

CensusDatePlace
Census23 April 1940Chinook, Blaine Co., Montana

Children of Clifford Wolvington and Florence Ellen Tracey

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Clifford Wolvington, Memorial ID 121634613,
    Birth: 1909, Chadron, Dawes County, Nebraska, USA
    Death: 11 December 1976
    Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/121634613/clifford-wolvington: accessed May 1, 2024), memorial page for Clifford Wolvington (1909–11 Dec 1976), Find a Grave Memorial ID 121634613, citing Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana, USA; Maintained by Penny Lee (contributor 46805564).

    Parents
    James William Wolvington 1858–1932
    Mary Jane Hamilton Wolvington 1864–1915
    Spouses
    Amelia Urban Johnson 1901–1949 (m. 1928)
    Florence Ellen Tracey Hill 1915–1976 (m. 1937)
    Siblings
    Franklin John "Frank" Wolvington 1883–1939
    William Thomas Wolvington 1885–1955
    Walter Hamilton Wolvington 1887–1976
    Minnie May Wolvington Hallsted 1890–1973
    Earl Wolvington 1893–1982
    Pearl A. Wolvington Likens 1895–1947
    Raymond Dewey "Ray" Wolvington 1897–1935
    Mary W. Wolvington Sydow 1900–1989
    Freda Wolvington White 1904–1988
    Theda Wolvington Hanks 1904–1968
    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2013/345/121634613_138686923737.jpg,.

Dale Macy Wolvington

M, #10072, b. 4 February 1969, d. 18 October 1995
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin 1 time removed of Steven Harn Redman
5th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     Dale Macy Wolvington was born on 4 February 1969. He was the son of Duane Clifford Wolvington and Karen Marie Miller. Dale Macy Wolvington died on 18 October 1995 at Florida at age 26. He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead Co., Montana.1

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Dale M Wolvington, Memorial ID 128647226,
    Birth: 1969
    Death: 1995
    Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/128647226/dale_m-wolvington: accessed May 1, 2024), memorial page for Dale M Wolvington (1969–1995), Find a Grave Memorial ID 128647226, citing Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana, USA; Maintained by: Find a Grave.

    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2014/116/128647226_1398652686.jpg,.

David Mathew Wolvington

M, #10071, b. 1 June 1964, d. 28 September 1964
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin 1 time removed of Steven Harn Redman
5th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     David Mathew Wolvington was born on 1 June 1964 at Montana.1 He was the son of Duane Clifford Wolvington and Karen Marie Miller. David Mathew Wolvington died on 28 September 1964 at Hungry Horse, Flathead Co., Montana.1 He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead Co., Montana.1

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), David M Wolvington, Memorial ID 124666989,
    Birth: 1 June 1964
    Death: 28 September 1964
    Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/124666989/david_m-wolvington: accessed May 1, 2024), memorial page for David M Wolvington (1 Jun 1964–28 Sep 1964), Find a Grave Memorial ID 124666989, citing Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana, USA; Maintained by: Find a Grave.

    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2014/116/124666989_1398652493.jpg,.

Duane Clifford Wolvington

M, #7396, b. 9 November 1936, d. 5 October 1980
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin of Steven Harn Redman
4th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     Duane Clifford Wolvington was born on 9 November 1936 at Blaine Co., Montana. He was the son of Clifford Wolvington and Florence Ellen Tracey. Duane Clifford Wolvington married Karen Marie Miller on 10 June 1962 at Boundary Co., Idaho. Duane Clifford Wolvington died on 5 October 1980 at Bell Co., Texas, at age 43.

Census

CensusDatePlace
Census23 April 1940Chinook, Blaine Co., Montana

Children of Duane Clifford Wolvington and Karen Marie Miller

Duane Michael Wolvington

M, #10070, b. 6 July 1963, d. 5 October 1980
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin 1 time removed of Steven Harn Redman
5th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     Duane Michael Wolvington was born on 6 July 1963 at Whitefish, Flathead Co., Montana.1 He was the son of Duane Clifford Wolvington and Karen Marie Miller. Duane Michael Wolvington died on 5 October 1980 at Temple, Bell Co., Texas, at age 17.1 He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead Co., Montana.1 The cause of death was Hung himself in Temple City Jail.

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Duane Michael Wolvington, Memorial ID 124667021,
    Birth: 6 July 1963
    Death: 5 October 1980
    Burial: Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/124667021/duane_michael-wolvington: accessed May 1, 2024), memorial page for Duane Michael Wolvington (6 Jul 1963–5 Oct 1980), Find a Grave Memorial ID 124667021, citing Woodlawn Cemetery, Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Montana, USA; Maintained by: Find a Grave.

    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2014/116/124667021_1398652547.jpg,.

Gerald Raymond Wolvington

M, #7398
Pedigree
Last Edited=23 Nov 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin of Steven Harn Redman
4th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     Gerald Raymond Wolvington is the son of Clifford Wolvington and Florence Ellen Tracey. Gerald Raymond Wolvington married Edith I. Hagadone on 16 September 1960 at Bonners Ferry, Boundary Co., Idaho. Gerald Raymond Wolvington and Edith I. Hagadone were divorced on 1 February 1972 at Kalispell, Flathead Co., Montana, Grounds listed were Mental Cruelty. Gerald Raymond Wolvington married Gail Irene Watson, daughter of David Watson and Edith Morgan, on 30 July 1972 at Columbia Falls, Flathead Co., Montana.

J.W. Wolvington

M, #7571
Pedigree
Last Edited=18 Dec 2018
     J.W. Wolvington married Mary Hamilton.

Child of J.W. Wolvington and Mary Hamilton

James Bernard Wolvington

M, #7397, b. 29 September 1938, d. July 2021
Pedigree
Last Edited=1 May 2024
Relationships
3rd cousin of Steven Harn Redman
4th great-grandson of John Charles McCarthy
     James Bernard Wolvington was born on 29 September 1938 at Havre, Hill Co., Montana. He was the son of Clifford Wolvington and Florence Ellen Tracey. James Bernard Wolvington married Claudette Agnes Gimbel on 16 September 1960 at Bonners Ferry, Boundary Co., Idaho. James Bernard Wolvington died in July 2021 at age 82.

Census

CensusDatePlace
Census23 April 1940Chinook, Blaine Co., Montana

Alvin George Wondra

M, #7882, b. 1928, d. 29 December 2014
Pedigree
Last Edited=21 Jan 2020
     Alvin George Wondra was born in 1928. He married Margaret M. Parsons. Alvin George Wondra died on 29 December 2014 at Montgomery, Le Sueur Co., Minnesota.

Child of Alvin George Wondra and Margaret M. Parsons

Christine M. Wondra

F, #698
Pedigree
Last Edited=17 Dec 2024
     Christine M. Wondra is the daughter of Alvin George Wondra and Margaret M. Parsons. Christine M. Wondra married Stephen Arnold Vrzal, son of Harry Stephen Vrzal and Irene P. Fehlandt, on 12 May 1973 at Montgomery, Le Sueur Co., Minnesota.1

Children of Christine M. Wondra and Stephen Arnold Vrzal

Citations

  1. [S554] Letter from Irene P. (Fehlandt) Vrzal (110-4th St. SW., Montgomery, MN 56089) to Steven Harn Redman, 5 Nov 1992; Steven Harn Redman (Steven Harn Redman, P.O. BOX 294, Lyman, WY).

Angela M. Wood

F, #7180
Pedigree
Last Edited=29 Aug 2016
     Angela M. Wood married Gregory Paul Gehrman, son of Dr. Charles Fredrick Gehrman DVM and Ann Philip Jacobus, in 1997 at Minnesota; State File Number:
23231.

Dawn Elizabeth Wood

F, #11326, b. 4 September 1921, d. 19 April 2006
Pedigree
Last Edited=16 Apr 2025
     Dawn Elizabeth Wood was born on 4 September 1921 at Albany, Albany Co., New York.1 She married Donald Eugene Voorhies, son of Chauncey Wallace Voorhies and Gertrude Lovina Heth, on 6 August 1949 at Schenectady, Schenectady Co., New York. Dawn Elizabeth Wood died on 19 April 2006 at West Salem, Polk Co., Oregon, at age 84.1 She was buried at Restlawn Memory Gardens, West Salem, Polk Co., Oregon.1

Children of Dawn Elizabeth Wood and Donald Eugene Voorhies

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Dawn W (Wood) Voorhies, Memorial ID 124432711,
    Birth: 4 September 1921, Albany, Albany County, New York, USA
    Death: 19 April 2006, Oregon, USA
    Burial: Restlawn Memory Gardens, West Salem, Polk County, Oregon
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/124432711/dawn_w-voorhies: accessed April 16, 2025), memorial page for Dawn W Wood Voorhies (4 Sep 1921–19 Apr 2006), Find a Grave Memorial ID 124432711, citing Restlawn Memory Gardens, West Salem, Polk County, Oregon, USA; Maintained by: Find a Grave.

    Parents
    Edgar P Wood 1897–1978
    Edna Johnson Wood 1900–1983
    Spouses
    Donald Eugene Voorhies 1923–2000 (m. 1949)
    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2014/51/124432711_1393037758.jpg,.

Dustin Wood

M, #11541
Pedigree
Last Edited=30 May 2025
     Dustin Wood married Tana Perkins, daughter of Robert E. Perkins and Tina S. Weikart.

Evans B. Wood

M, #11787, b. circa 1885, d. 26 February 1972
Pedigree
Last Edited=31 Aug 2025
     Evans B. Wood was born circa 1885 at Alabama. He married Ruth Oppenheimer, daughter of Arthur Oppenheimer and Mary R. Ingraham, on 30 June 1923 at Buncombe Co., North Carolina. Evans B. Wood died on 26 February 1972.

Leander Porter Wood

M, #12595, b. 10 January 1835, d. 24 August 1908
Pedigree
Last Edited=6 Jan 2026
     Leander Porter Wood was born on 10 January 1835 at Halifax, Plymouth Co., Massachusetts.1 He married Mary Etta Ellsworth, daughter of Thomas Ellsworth and Miriam Maddocks. Leander Porter Wood died on 24 August 1908 at Framingham, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts, at age 73.1 He was buried at Edgell Grove Cemetery and Mausoleum, Framingham, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts.1

Citations

  1. [S2545] Findagrave.com website, database and images (Find a Grave, 1300 West Traverse Parkway, Lehi, Utah Co., Utah ), Leander Porter Wood, Memorial ID 191822015,
    Birth: 10 January 1835, Halifax, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, USA
    Death: 24 August 1908, Framingham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA
    Burial: Edgell Grove Cemetery and Mausoleum, Framingham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts
    Source: Find a Grave
    SourceCitation: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/191822015/leander_porter-wood: accessed January 6, 2026), memorial page for Leander Porter Wood (10 Jan 1835–24 Aug 1908), Find a Grave Memorial ID 191822015, citing Edgell Grove Cemetery and Mausoleum, Framingham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA; Maintained by Roxie (contributor 47349823).
    Spouses
    Mary Etta Ellsworth Wood 1838–1921
    Children
    Miriam Etta Wood Pond 1869–1951
    Image URL: https://images.findagrave.com/photos/2018/247/191822015_dd3c045c-19c6-4c20-9f7a-1e93ef23b753.jpeg,.

Norma Wood

F, #10247, b. 20 March 1925, d. 31 August 2003
Pedigree
Last Edited=2 Jul 2024
     Norma Wood was born on 20 March 1925 at Nebraska. She married Joseph Arthur Burkey, son of Edward Christian Burkey and Lucy Mae Fellows, on 8 September 1944 at Kansas. Norma Wood died on 31 August 2003 at Buffalo Co., Nebraska, at age 78.

Sarah Wagner Wood1

F, #3260, b. 12 June 1812, d. 13 July 1895
Pedigree
Last Edited=11 Oct 2025
     Sarah Wagner Wood was born on 12 June 1812 at Pennsylvania.2 She married James Ruple, son of John Rupel and Elizabeth Bird (Byrd), on 8 July 1837 at Elkhart Co., Indiana.2 Sarah Wagner Wood died on 13 July 1895 at St. Joseph Co., Michigan, at age 83.

Children of Sarah Wagner Wood and James Ruple

Citations

  1. [S29] Jim Coleman, "Jim Coleman FHL film 1673524, item 14", 1990 (Mishawaka, Indiana). Hereinafter cited as "John Coleman records."
  2. [S1310] Jack D. Ruple Sr., The Ruple Family in America and its Germanic heritage, pg 147, 150 (Little Rock, Arkansas: J.D. Ruple, c1988). Hereinafter cited as Ruple Family in America.